When a pest has several distinct mechanisms to withstand pesticide chemicals allowing them to tolerate several classes of pesticides that are not tolerated to each other chemically, they have developed

When a pest has several distinct mechanisms to withstand pesticide chemicals allowing them to tolerate several classes of pesticides that are not tolerated to each other chemically, they have developed

• A. Multiple resistance
• B. Cross resistance
• C. Cross protection
• D. Parallel resistance

Answer: (A)

The pest has developed multiple resistance. This means it has more than one defensive mechanism that lets it survive different, chemically unrelated pesticides. One mechanism might boost detoxification enzymes that break down several classes of chemicals, while another could be a target-site change or reduced uptake that protects against a different class. Because the pesticides are not related chemically, a single mechanism wouldn’t explain tolerance to all of them; having several distinct mechanisms is what defines multiple resistance. (Cross resistance would involve one mechanism giving tolerance to many pesticides, not multiple separate mechanisms.)

The pest has developed multiple resistance. This means it has more than one defensive mechanism that lets it survive different, chemically unrelated pesticides. One mechanism might boost detoxification enzymes that break down several classes of chemicals, while another could be a target-site change or reduced uptake that protects against a different class. Because the pesticides are not related chemically, a single mechanism wouldn’t explain tolerance to all of them; having several distinct mechanisms is what defines multiple resistance. (Cross resistance would involve one mechanism giving tolerance to many pesticides, not multiple separate mechanisms.)